What Factors Affect the Adoption Intention and Actual Use of ChatGPT in Education?
The adoption of generative AI in education has revolutionized science by producing human-like texts through contextual understanding, as demonstrated by OpenAI ChatGPT. OpenAI's widely used large language model, such as ChatGPT, has gained popularity, especially in higher education. This study explores various factors that influence the adoption and actual use of ChatGPT to enhance student learning outcomes.
Research Methodology
In this study, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) is applied to support our conceptual framework. The Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method is utilized to analyze the data collected from 361 Pakistani university students.
Key Findings
The findings of the study indicate that several factors significantly impact the adoption intention of ChatGPT, including performance expectancy, effort expectancy, ChatGPT self-efficacy, social influence, hedonic motivation, and price value. Conversely, habit and facilitation conditions have a negative influence on ChatGPT adoption intention. Moreover, the study reveals that ChatGPT adoption intention plays a significant role in determining the actual use of ChatGPT. Additionally, academic integrity acts as a significant moderator between adoption intention and the actual use of ChatGPT.
Implications for Education
The results of this study provide valuable insights for educators and policymakers, emphasizing the importance of enhancing students' utilization of ChatGPT. By promoting academic integrity, educational institutions can ensure the responsible adoption of ChatGPT, leading to its effective use in improving learning outcomes in higher education.
